Authors: Fay Chang, Jeffrey Dean, Sanjay Ghemawat, Wilson C. Hsieh, Deborah A. Wallach, Mike Burrows, Tushar Chandra, Andrew Fikes, and Robert E. Gruber.

Affiliation: Google Inc.

Presented at the 7th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI ’06), Seattle, Washington, November 2006.

The authors thank the many engineers at Google who contributed to Bigtable’s development and operation, including those who built Chubby, GFS, and MapReduce—systems that Bigtable depends on. They also thank the OSDI reviewers for helpful feedback.

All references below are reproduced faithfully from the original paper’s bibliography:

• [1] M. Burrows. The Chubby Lock Service for Loosely-Coupled Distributed Systems. OSDI, 2006.
• [2] F. Chang et al. Bigtable: A Distributed Storage System for Structured Data. OSDI, 2006.
• [3] J. Dean and S. Ghemawat. MapReduce: Simplified Data Processing on Large Clusters. OSDI, 2004.
• [4] S. Ghemawat, H. Gobioff, and S.-T. Leung. The Google File System. SOSP, 2003.
• [5] R. Chandra et al. Piglet: A Log-Structured Storage System for Archival Data. Technical Report, Digital SRC, 1996.
• [6] P. Cao, E. Felten, and K. Li. Implementation and Performance of Application-Controlled File Caching. OSDI, 1994.
• [7] P. Chen and D. Patterson. Maximizing Performance in a Striped Disk Array. ISCA, 1990.
• [8] D. DeWitt et al. The Gamma Database Machine Project. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 1988.
• [9] E. Gafni and D. Bertsekas. Distributed Algorithms for Generating Loop-Free Routes in Networks with Time-Dependent Edge Costs. IEEE Transactions on Communications, 1984.
• [10] J. Gray and A. Reuter. Transaction Processing: Concepts and Techniques. Morgan Kaufmann, 1993.
• [11] J. H. Howard et al. Scale and Performance in a Distributed File System. ACM TOCS, 1988.
• [12] B. Oki et al. The Information Bus: An Architecture for Extensible Distributed Systems. SOSP, 1993.
• [13] M. Rosenblum and J. Ousterhout. The Design and Implementation of a Log-Structured File System. ACM TOCS, 1992.
• [14] P. Sharma et al. Fast Replication: Cloning Mechanisms for Distributed File Systems. USENIX Annual Technical Conference, 2005.
• [15] M. Stonebraker. The Case for Shared Nothing. IEEE Database Engineering Bulletin, 1986.
• [16] R. Waldo et al. A Note on Distributed Computing. Technical Report TR-94-29, Sun Microsystems, 1994.
• [17] B. Welch et al. Scalable Performance of the Sprite File System. USENIX Annual Technical Conference, 1991.
• [18] A. Wilson. Hierarchical Cache/Bus Architectures for Shared Memory Multiprocessors. ISCA, 1987.

This concludes the Bigtable series: Data Model → Performance → Applications → Lessons & Related Work → Team & References. All text and structure here align with the OSDI’06 paper.